Free testosterone measurements using the automated IDS assay streamline the testing for suspected hypogonadism in men and support the diagnosis of hyperandrogenism and PCOS in women.
Androstenedione is a crucial sex-steroid precursor. Measurements of it, in conjunction with those of other sex steroids, support the diagnosis of androgen disorders such hyperandrogenism, CAH and puberty disorders.
Devlin TM. Textbook of Biochemistry: with Clinical Correlations (7th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. 2010: p. 432
Odell WD, Parker LN. Control of adrenal androgen production. Endocr Res. 1984-1985;10(3-4):617-30
Lizneva D, Gavrilova-Jordan L, Walker W, Azziz R. Androgen excess: Investigations and management. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2016 Nov;37:98-118
Speiser PW and White PC. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 349,no. 8, pp. 776–788, 2003
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of disorders in which the adrenal glands do not function properly and may produce an insufficient amount of cortisol and/or aldosterone and an excess of androgens.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine condition affecting women of reproductive age, impacting affected individuals from adolescence to post menopause. Despite its prevalence, the diagnosis and management of PCOS remains challenging.
We offer a comprehensive panel of cortisol (serum, urine, saliva) and ACTH for the screening and diagnostics of Cushing’s syndrome.
John J. Bray et al. Lecture notes on human physiology. Third Edition Published by Blackwell Science 1994.
David W., The Immunoassay Handbook. Third Edition. D.Wild (Ed.) Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2005.
Yaneva M., Mosnier-Pudar H., Dugue M-A., Grabar S., Fulla Y. and Bertagna X., ‘Midnight salivary cortisol for the initial diagnosis of Cushing’s and various causes’. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 89(7), 2004, pp 3345-3351.
Aardal, E. and Holm, A-C., ‘Cortisol in saliva – reference ranges and relation to cortisol in serum’. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem, 33, 1995, 927-932.
Rossi GP., Seccia TM. and Pessina AC., ‘Clinical use of laboratory tests for the identification of secondary forms of arterial hypertension’. Crit Rev Clin Sci, 44(1), 2007, pp 1-85.
Nieman LK., Biller BMK., Findling JW., Newell-Price J., Savage MO., Stewart PM., and Montori VM., ‘The diagnosis of Cushing’s: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline’. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 93, 2008, pp 1526-1540.
Raff, H., ‘Cushing’s: diagnosis and surveillance using salivary cortisol’. Pituitary, 15, 2012, pp 64-70.
Raff, H., ‘Update on late-night salivary cortisol for the diagnosis of Cushing’s: methodological considerations’. Endocrine, 44, 2013, pp 346-349.
Primary aldosteronism is the most frequent form of endocrine hypertension. Although it causes increased mortality compared to essential hypertension, this condition is largely underdiagnosed.
Patients affected with Cushing's syndrome present sustained excess levels of cortisol which can be life-threatening. However, the symptoms are quite common and often the accurate diagnosis is delayed.
A decline in the secretion of cortisol from the adrenal glands is the hallmark of adrenal insufficiency (such as in Morbus Addison). If untreated, the condition can lead to fatigue, weight loss and even adrenal crisis.
Acromegaly is a rare but serious medical condition if left untreated. It occurs when the pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone, causing abnormal growth of the face, hands and feet.
The unique specificity of the IDS GH assay allows monitoring of endogenous GH levels in acromegalic patients during Pegvisomant therapy and monitoring levels in pregnant females as it does not cross-react with placental GH.
Clin Chem. 2012 Oct;58(10):1446-56. Epub 2012 Aug 20. View Here
One of the reasons why the IDS IGF-I assay is so popular for clinical trials is the unique size of the reference intervals, established in a multicentre study with a cohort of 15,000 subjects from the US, Canada and Europe and further verified in a US population of over 1.4 million subjects.
Bidlingmaier M, Friedrich N, Emeny RT, Spranger J, Wolthers OD, Roswall J, Korner A, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Hubener C, Dahlgren J, Frystyk J, Pfeiffer AF, Doering A, Bielohuby M, Wallaschofski H, Arafat AM. Reference intervals for insulin-like growth factor-1 (igf-i) from birth to senescence: results from a multicenter study using a new automated chemiluminescence IGF-I immunoassay conforming to recent international recommendations. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99(5):1712-1721.
Friedrich N, Wolthers OD, Arafat AM, Emeny RT, Spranger J, Roswall J, Kratzsch J, Grabe HJ, Hübener C, Pfeiffer AF, Döring A, Bielohuby M, Dahlgren J, Frystyk J, Wallaschofski H, Bidlingmaier M. Age- and sex-specific reference intervals across life span for insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) and the IGF-I to IGFBP-3 ratio measured by new automated chemiluminescence assays. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99(5):1675-86.
Emeny RT, Bidlingmaier M, Lacruz ME, Linkohr B, Peters A, Reincke M, Ladwig KH. Mind over hormones: sex differences in associations of well-being with IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and physical activity in the KORA-Age study. Exp Gerontol. 2014 Nov;59:58-64.
Clinical trials in acromegaly using the IDS-iSYS IGF-I assay
Melmed S, Popovic V, Bidlingmaier M, Mercado M, van der Lely AJ, Biermasz N, Bolanowski M, Coculescu M, Schopohl J, Racz K, Glaser B, Goth M, Greenman Y, Trainer P, Mezosi E, Shimon I, Giustina A, Korbonits M, Bronstein MD, Kleinberg D, Teichman S, Gliko-Kabir I, Mamluk R, Haviv A, Strasburger C. Safety and efficacy of oral octreotide in acromegaly: results of a multicenter phase III trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100:1699-1708.
Dal J, Hoyer KL, Pedersen SB, Magnusson NE, Bjerring P, Frystyk J, Moller N, Jessen N, Jorgensen JO. Growth Hormone and Insulin Signaling in Acromegaly: Impact of Surgery Versus Somatostatin Analog Treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101:3716-3723.
Strasburger CJ, Karavitaki N, Stormann S, Trainer PJ, Kreitschmann-Andermahr I, Droste M, Korbonits M, Feldmann B, Zopf K, Sanderson VF, Schwicker D, Gelbaum D, Haviv A, Bidlingmaier M, Biermasz NR. Patient-reported outcomes of parenteral somatostatin analogue injections in 195 patients with acromegaly. Eur J Endocrinol. 2016;174:355-362.
Heinrich DA, Reinholz C, Bauer M, Tufman A, Frohner R, Schopohl J, Bidlingmaier M, Kosilek RP, Reincke M, Schneider HJ. IGF-1-based screening reveals a low prevalence of acromegaly in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Endocrine. 2018;60:317-322.
Muhammad A, Coopmans EC, Delhanty PJD, Dallenga AHG, Haitsma IK, Janssen J, van der Lely AJ, Neggers S. Efficacy and Safety of switching to Pasireotide in Acromegaly Patients controlled with Pegvisomant and Somatostatin Analogues: PAPE extension study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2018;179:269-277.
Muhammad A, van der Lely AJ, Delhanty PJD, Dallenga AHG, Haitsma IK, Janssen J, Neggers S. Efficacy and Safety of Switching to Pasireotide in Patients With Acromegaly Controlled With Pegvisomant and First-Generation Somatostatin Analogues (PAPE Study). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103:586-595.
Trainer PJ, Newell-Price JDC, Ayuk J, Aylwin SJB, Rees A, Drake W, Chanson P, Brue T, Webb SM, Fajardo C, Aller J, McCormack AI, Torpy DJ, Tachas G, Atley L, Ryder D, Bidlingmaier M. A randomised, open-label, parallel group phase 2 study of antisense oligonucleotide therapy in acromegaly. Eur J Endocrinol. 2018;179:97-108.
Muhammad A, Coopmans EC, Gatto F, Franck SE, Janssen J, van der Lely AJ, Hofland LJ, Neggers S. Pasireotide Responsiveness in Acromegaly Is Mainly Driven by Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 2 Expression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;104:915-924.
Coopmans EC, Schneiders JJ, El-Sayed N, Erler NS, Hofland LJ, van der Lely AJ, Petrossians P, Potorac J, Muhammad A, Neggers S. T2-signal intensity, SSTR expression, and somatostatin analogs efficacy predict response to pasireotide in acromegaly. Eur J Endocrinol. 2020;182:595-605.
GHD occurs when the pituitary gland doesn't produce enough GH. It can be present at birth or develop later and results in short stature in children and complications in adults such as cardiovascular disease and obesity.
As the IDS Intact PINP assay does not recognise the monomeric PINP, it allows accurate assessment of bone formation in patients suffering from chronic kidney failure, where levels of monomeric PINP are elevated.
Morovat A. et al. IDS iSYS automated intact procollagen-1-Nterminus pro-peptide assay: method evaluation
Koivula M-K. Difference between total and intact assays for N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen reflects degradation of pN-collagen rather than denaturation of intact propeptide. Ann Clin Biochem 2010; 47: 67–71.
Vasikaran SD et al. Markers of bone turnover for the prediction of fracture risk and monitoring of osteoporosis treatment: a need for international reference standards. Osteoporos Int. 2010; 22(2):391-420.
As TRAcP 5b is cleared by the liver it is the only resorption marker that can be used in chronic kidney disease population. The unique fully automated IDS TRAcP 5b assay can accurately monitor changes in bone resorption in this population.
Halleen JM. et al. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP 5b) as a marker of bone resorption. Clin Lab. 2006;52(9-10):499-509
Halleen JM. et al. Serum Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase 5b is a Specific and Sensitive Marker of Bone Resorption. Clin Chem. 2001;47(3):597-600
Saunders PT. et al. The carbohydrate structure of porcine uteroferrin and the role of the high mannose chains in promoting uptake by the reticuloendothelial cells of the fetal liver. J Biol Chem. 1985;260:3658-3665.
Hannon RA. et al. Clinical performance of immunoreactive tartrate resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b as a marker of bone resorption. Bone. 2004; 34:187-194.
Osteoporosis is a chronic condition affecting bones which is characterised by low bone mass and reduction in bone tissue. It is estimated that 1 in 3 women and 1 in 5 men over 50 years will experience an osteoporotic fracture.
CKD-MBD is a condition that can affect the bones, heart and blood vessels of a person with kidney disease. It is characterised by alterations in metabolism of several parameters leading to bone disorders, vascular calcification and an increase in cardiovascular risk.
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