Anti-phospholipid syndrome

Clinical information

Anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease in which circulating anti-phospholipid antibodies (APLA) play a central role. The disease is characterised by arterial, venous or microvascular thrombosis and pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia, premature birth or spontaneous abortion. APS can also have non-thrombotic manifestations, such as valvular heart disease or thrombocytopenia.

According to the current ACR/EULAR classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) of 2023 (Barbhaiya et al. 2023), classification as APS requires that the entry criteria, which include clinical manifestation and positive APLA within three years, are met. For APS classification, an additional 3 points must be accumulated from each of the different clinical manifestations and from the different serological tests.  These laboratory tests include the lupus anticoagulant (LA) test and the detection of APLA: anti-β2 glycoprotein-1 (β2GP1) antibodies and anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA) of the immunoglobulin classes G and M. The international consensus guidelines (Lakos et al., 2012) recommend that IgA should also be tested if an IgG and IgM test for ACA or anti-β2GP1 is negative. Antibodies against phosphatidylserine have also been shown to be significantly associated with APS (Khogeer et al., 2015). These and other APLA are part of ongoing studies and further research into their clinical relevance in APS (Devreese KMJ., 2024).

Diagnostics

For the detection of APLA, EUROIMMUN offers microplate ELISAs for the quantitative determination of autoantibodies against cardiolipin, β2GP1 and phosphatidylserine of the individual immunoglobulin classes IgA, IgG or IgM or of several immunoglobulins in one test (IgAGM). In addition, ChLIAs for the detection of ACA and anti-β2GP1 antibodies of the immunoglobulin classes IgG and IgM are available.

 


Products

Filter techniques:

Method
Parameter
Substrate
ELISA
cardiolipin IgA
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
cardiolipin IgG
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
cardiolipin IgM
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
cardiolipin IgAGM
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ChLIA
IDS Cardiolipin IgG 1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ChLIA
IDS Cardiolipin IgM 1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ELISA
phosphatidylserine IgA
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
phosphatidylserine IgG
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
phosphatidylserine IgM
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
phosphatidylserine IgAGM
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ChLIA
IDS APS IgG Control Set 1
3 x 1.5mL Control 1/2
ChLIA
IDS APS IgM Control Set 1
3 x 1.5mL Control 1/2
ELISA
ß2-glycoprotein IgA
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
ß2-glycoprotein IgG
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
ß2-glycoprotein IgM
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ELISA
ß2-glycoprotein IgAGM
antigen-coated
microplate wells
ChLIA
IDS B2-Glycoprotein I IgG 1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
ChLIA
IDS B2-Glycoprotein I IgM 1
antigenic coated magnetic particles
1Product manufactured by third party. Please contact your local EUROIMMUN representative for more information.
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